vocabulary

1. Instrumental (adjective) – relating to measuring instruments.
2. Aggravate (verb) – intensify, increase; worsen/compound.
3. Rely on (phrasal verb) – depend, reckon, bank.
4. Sea ice (noun) – it is frozen ocean water.
5. Ice sheet (noun) –  permanent layer of ice covering polar region.
6. Compound (verb) – intensify, increase, aggravate/worsen.
7. Vicious (adjective) – serious, dangerous, dreadful.
8. Dark area/surface (noun) –  area/ surface (e.g., rocks and open sea water) which leading to more solar absorption in the Arctic. These surfaces eventually uncovered by the impurities [such as dust, microorganisms, BC (black carbon) & GHGs (greenhouse gases)] melt snow or ice in Arctic.
9. Phenomena (noun) – plural form of phenomenon (phenomenon – occurrence, event, happening).
10. Climate change (noun) – a long-term change in the Earth’s climate, or of a region on Earth (Courtesy: NASA).
11. Drought (noun) – dry spell/period, lack of rain, shortage of water.
12. Biodiversity (noun) – existence of many different kinds of plants and animals in an environment (Courtesy: VOA Learning English).
13. Hearten (verb) – encourage/boost, comfort, reassure.
14. Renege on (verb) – default on, break, withdraw/retreat from.
15. Accord (noun) – agreement, treaty, pact/deal.
16. Unambiguous (adjective) – undeniable, unquestionable, unarguable.
17. Scale up (phrasal verb) – increase.
18. Renewable energy (noun) – energy generated from the natural resources (such as water, wind, solar energy)
19. Fossil-fuels (noun) – non renewable resources or fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas are formed from buried /deposited organic materials.
20. Credible (adjective) – convincing, acceptable; reasonable.
21. Unlock (verb) – make something available (for use).
22. Livestock (noun) – farm animals (cattle, goats & etc).
23. Vulnerable (adjective) – endangered, unsafe, unprotected.

BANKING VOCAB

1. Spatial (Adj):- pertaining to or involving or having the nature of space.
Synonyms: spacial
Uses: the first dimension to concentrate on is the spatial one

2. Realm (N):- a domain in which something is dominant.
Synonyms: kingdom, land
Uses: the rise of the realm of cotton in the south.
Trick:  realm (re + alm ) alm means king like almpanah in hindi (region of alm = kingdom)

3. Expatriate (N):- a person who is voluntarily absent from home or country.
Synonyms: exile, expat
Uses: The poet was exiled because he signed a letter protesting the government's actions.
Trick:  read EXPATRIATE as EX-PATRIOT, now no more a patriot, as the person withdrew from his native land and settled somewhere else.

4. Adulterate (V):- corrupt, debase, or make impure by adding a foreign or inferior substance; often by replacing valuable ingredients with inferior ones.
Synonyms: debase, dilute, load, stretch.
Uses: If you want to adulterate your alcoholic drink, you should add some water to it.
TRick: Sharma ji hum thoda bewafa kya huye aap to Adulterate (Badchalan) hi ho gaye:)

5. Vanquish (V):- come out better in a competition, race, or conflict.
Synonyms: beat, beat out, crush, shell, trounce
Uses: In the movies, the superheroes usually vanquish the villains.
Trick: sounds like vanish..by vanishing u can be better than anyone in a competition!!

6. Condescending (Adj):- The Latin prefix con- means "with," and the Latin word for descend means "down," so the word condescending probably developed to describe someone who looked down on others.
Synonyms: arch, patronising, patronizing
Uses: It's usually intended to make people feel bad about not knowing or having something, and it very often works.

7. chicanery (N):- the use of tricks to deceive someone (usually to extract money from them).
Synonyms: chicane, guile, trickery, wile
Uses: You can smell the chicanery from a dishonest politician like Lalu And Mulayam.
Trick: chicanery sounds like shikari who uses means of deception to trick animals into his traps.

8. Abrade (V):- rub hard or scrub
Synonyms: abrase, corrade, rub down, rub off, scour
Uses: Soaps are also prepared in which large proportions of fine sharp sand, or of powdered pumice, are incorporated, and these substances, by their abrading action, powerfully assist the detergent influence of the soap on hands much begrimed by manufacturing operations.'
Trick: If you have VIM LIQUID then you don't have to abrade much your oily pots :))

9. Retreat (N):- the act of withdrawing or going backward (especially to escape something hazardous or unpleasant)
Uses: the disorderly retreat of Pakistani troops in Kargil war.
TRick: retreat=suppose if someone asks for re(again) treat....you will avoid him.move back from from him ie withdraw

10. Propitiate (V):- to make pleased or less angry by giving or saying something desired.
Synonyms: appease
Uses: After Tom Cruise forgot his wife’s birthday, he tried to propitiate the situation by purchasing her the pearl necklace she always wanted :)
Trick: If you forgot flowers on your Girl Friend's birthday, you can still propitiate her by sending a bouquet the next day.